President Obama s Executive Order - 1456 Words

My policy problem is that Congress now wants to reverse President Obama’s executive order and this reversal will be a huge step back in the process of the immigration reform that is needed. This reversal of action can be detrimental to many immigrant families by separating families with deportation and delaying families from being reunited after only parts of families were able to come to the United States. The government has been deporting illegal immigrants and the path to citizenship is difficult for illegal immigrants because of the complications and financial burden of the whole process. The reform that needs to take place is that Congress has to make amendments to our current immigration policy regarding citizenship for the illegal†¦show more content†¦This is a possible and desirable solution as evidenced by Obama’s executive action. His executive order is only a minor application of my proposed policy solution and it is a step in the right direction. Many interest groups that support immigration reform as I do are happy that Obama as enacted this executive order, however widespread immigration reform is still needed (Lulac.org 2014). The current power struggle between Congress and Obama is one of intergovernmental relations, â€Å"the relationship between different levels of government. For example, it may pertain to the struggle between the national government and the states for authority over a specific policy domain.† (Kollman 2014, 74), and although this usually pertains to federal versus state or state versus local government, it is definitely important to this current struggle between two parties. The House of Representatives has already started a bill to effectively get rid of Obama’s executive order and now needs the support of the Senate in order to make it happen. â€Å"The House bill, called Executive Amnesty Prevention Act, states that any attempt by the administration to exempt immigrants from deportation laws shall be null and void and without legal effect.† (Memoli 2014). This power struggle arises due to the relationship between legislative and executive branch of our governme nt

Health Care Reform in the United States Essays - 1876 Words

â€Å"We will pass reform that lowers cost, promotes choice, and provides coverage that every American can count on. And we will do it this year.† The preceding is a powerful statement from the newly elected President Barak Obama. One of the main aspects of both political campaigns was health care reform. The above quote shows passion and encouragement, but the quotes about health care do not end there. Georgian republican gubernatorial candidate and health care policy maker John Oxendine expressed: â€Å"Their proposal would virtually devastate the private healthcare sector in this country along with competition and patient choice, by replacing it with bureaucratic planning and government control. The result of this plan and its one trillion†¦show more content†¦There should be a public option available in health care and the government should have control over the industry. Backing up a bit, what is wrong with the health care system in the first place to caus e such an enormous reform? Less than a hundred years ago, in the late 1920’s and 30’s, almost 90% of Americans did not have health insurance (Fall of HMO’s 4). They used a variety of home remedies and when medical assistance was truly needed, they paid for it out of pocket, even incurring vast amounts of debt. This had been the case throughout history, and it changed due to an important factor, medical equipment. The industrial revolution finally caught up with the medical industry and the country saw a vast change in the scientific instruments used by physicians. These instruments required a lot of money to make and care for which caused prices to rise. Due to this massive problem, a committee was formed of health care professionals and after a 5 year study, the Committee on the Cost of Medical Care suggested that health insurance co-operatives start. These corporate medical practices became known as Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO’s) and pre ferred provider organizations (PPO’s), and up until the 1970’s, were an experiment to regions across the U.S. Factors that hindered health care included bullying of â€Å"money politics† from both sides of the isle as well as Presidential views and tactics as well. President Nixon firstShow MoreRelatedHealth Care Reform : The United States Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesfeel heath care reform was necessary, health care costs affect the economy, the federal budget, and virtually every American’s family’s financial well-being. According to Obama, â€Å"In 2008, the United States devoted 16% of the economy to health care, an increase of almost one-quarter since 1998 (when 13% of the economy was spent on health care), yet much of that spending did not translate into better outcomes for patients† (Obama, 2016, p.526). In 2008, 1 in 7 Americans did not have health insuranceRead MoreHealth Care Reform For The United States3412 Words   |  1 4 PagesObviously, good health is a major factor of being happy and satisfied with an Americans’ life. People also place family and friends very high on the list of value for health care insurance. Health care has become the stress to every person’s life. Health care controls everything a person does due to the drawbacks of not having it when it is necessary; like breaking an arm or coming down with a deathly illness. With these issues, it is said that reforms are on their way. â€Å"Health care reform will be onRead MoreHealth Care Reform For The United States2292 Words   |  10 PagesHealth care in the United States needs to be reformed to be more equitable to all citizens regardless of their race and financial situation. Those in charge of reforming health care should consider the principles of social justice outlined in Catholic social teaching as guidelines for ethical health care reform. Those principles are: the dignity of human beings, the common good, solida rity, and subsidiarity. These four social-justice principles provide a foundation for a virtuous and economicallyRead MoreEssay On Health Care Reform In The United States1562 Words   |  7 Pages Healthcare Reform in Two States The Affordable Care Act was into law March 2010. The law has planned to make wide-range of changes to healthcare in the United States. The Affordable Care Act efforts to offer universal right to use to healthcare for Americans, control the rising costs of healthcare, adjust the private insurance industry complete things like state-based private exchanges and online marketplace that brings together state-approved insurance plans from multiple companies so consumersRead MoreNew Health Care Reform For The United States860 Words   |  4 Pages New Health Care Reform In 2014, the US entered into the force sensational health care reform of the protection of patients in the United States, which is called The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Under this reform, all the citizens and residents of the country are required to have health insurance. It has also caused many discussions and opinions among people. Supporters of it say that this is a significant step forward, since there is no company that can refuse a person in the insuranceRead More Health Care Reform in the United States Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Care Reform in the United States In the United States, more than forty million people are without health insurance. Of these people, many are employed by firms that do not offer coverage and many others fall just below the poverty line. Many are poor but still do not qualify for Medicaid. At least twelve million of those without health insurance are children. Reliable sources indicate that the number of uninsured people could rise as high as sixty million by the year 2010. ThereRead MoreHealth Care Reform Throughout The United States2059 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract Health care reform and health care itself has been a debatable subject for quite some time. Health care is a major issue that is found not only in the United States, but around the world. Controversy has gone around this subject due to the causes and effects of the reform and the matter of not being successful as many hoped. The World Prosperity Organization and the Institute of Medicine have two intriguing viewpoints about health care reform and what is needed to be done. The World ProsperityRead MoreHealth Care Reform and How the United States Got There.3541 Words   |  15 PagesHealth Care Reform and How the United States Got There. For over a decade our healthcare system has been flawed, and for over a decade several Presidents have tried to reform the health industry with little success. Advocates of health care reform have been met with great controversy and resistance since as early as 1854 when President Franklin Pierce vetoed the â€Å"Land-Grant Bill for Indigent Insane Persons† that would benefit the indigent insane, â€Å"by arguing that the federal government shouldRead MoreEssay about Health Care Reform in the United States1204 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Care Reform Health care has been an area of discussion for some time now. In the United States, the current health care system is a private system that allows individuals to choose their own method of care. Despite the freedom that comes with the independent nature of this type of health care system, the true disposition creates more problems than it solves. The privacy of the health care institutions has caused affordability and access to become serious issues with this system. AdditionallyRead MoreThe Health Care Crisis And An Understanding Of The Reforms2277 Words   |  10 PagesA. The health care crisis and an understanding of the reforms The American Health Care system to say the least is wasteful, bloated, and generally inefficient and therefore in dire need for immediate review. This has largely been as a result of factors such as costs, poor investment return for outlays, inequitably distribution, and being based on anachronistic business model geared at treating diseases more than promoting wellness. The figures are all there to see why a radical surgery of the health

Studying Abroad Is Better Than Studying Local Universities

â€Å"Studying abroad is better than studying local universities†. What is your opinion? You should write at least 350 words. Illustrate your opinion with examples. Looking at the trend recently, most of the students feel that studying abroad is better than studying in local universities. As a saying goes, the grass always looks greener on the other side of the fence. However, the students have their own choices either studying in universities abroad or in local universities. They have own reason to stud locally or abroad. Both of universities, abroad or local have their own uniqueness. So, we cannot ignore the fact that studying abroad is better than studying in local universities but to study in local also has advantages. In†¦show more content†¦The price of food, transportation and accommodation is much higher abroad. So, these are the reasons why I think studying in local universities is better than studying abroad Furthermore, local universities are as good as universities abroad. Nowadays, students from outside countries also come here to study in local universities. That means that they trust our local universities which have a good quality system of education. This shows that studying locally is a right choice for our future. Besides that, our system of education is also acknowledged internationally, that is why students from other countries are studying in our local universities. We cannot deny that the quality of education in local universities is also as good as the universities abroad. Not only that, our local universities have complete facilities for students such as students’ hostel, libraries that are complete with a variety of books and materials for students to make reference and do research, Internet such as Wi-Fi and laptops or note books are prepared to make it easier for students to surf the Internet and to complete their assignment. Local universities also h ave a good quality of lecturers that have higher level of education and experience in teaching. If students are studying in local universities and they were from poor families and need more money to study they can get financial support. The Government gives financial support such as PTPTN for students to help themShow MoreRelatedLocal University Versus University Aboard1704 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween local universities or abroad universities is the best choice? There have been many opinions thrown toward this issue. So we hope that this essay will help the community to decide and then achieve a better answer upon this issue. As we know, universities are one of the facilities that have been provided by the government for several years ago. These facilities have helped a lot of students from all over the world to gain knowledge and a better experience of life. The universities educationRead MoreDisadvantages of Studying Abroad1348 Words   |  6 Pagesacademic study | 81% | 80% | 79% | 84% | 80% | Influenced subsequent educational experiences | 91% | 85% | 86% | 84% | 87% | Reinforced commitment to foreign language study | 88% | 83% | 85% | 90% | 86% | Intercultural Development | Helped me better understand my own cultural values and biases | 99% | 97% | 97% | 95% | 98% | Influenced me to seek out a greater diversity of friends | 94% | 88% | 89% | 86% | 90% | Continues to influence interactions with people from different cultures | 97%Read MoreThe Advantages of Studying Abroad Far Outweigh the Disadvantages1161 Words   |  5 PagesThe advantages of studying abroad far outweigh the disadvantages. Discuss In today’s world, a considerable number of students are not limited to study in their local countries. Instead, they choose to study abroad. This phenomenon becomes a trend especially in recent years. A variety of different attitudes have been come up with on both sides of the question. It is in this background that this essay begins by outlining the arguments for students choose to study abroad and point to the problems withRead MoreAdvantages to Studying Abroad789 Words   |  3 Pagesentered an era of information explosion which the necessity of studying abroad has turned into a developing pattern among youth. Most of the students feel that studying abroad is better than studying in local universities. As the saying goes, â€Å"the grass always looks greener on the other side of fence.† In this way, I believe that considering abroad have extraordinary points of benefits. First and foremost, from personal angle, study abroad enables students to achieve high level of maturity and independenceRead MoreInternational Students: A Vulnerable Group in Need of Self-Regulation and Community Accommodation1495 Words   |  6 PagesStudying abroad, which has become a common phenomenon, can be a fun and meaningful experience. Many university students are interested in studying abroad because it gives them an opportunity to explore different cultures and broaden their horizons. As Mark Sherry, Peter Thomas and Wing Hong Chui argue in â€Å"International Students: a Vulnerable Student Population,† the goals that students pursue international study are often to acquire different ways of learning and to improve cross-cultural understandingRead MoreCollege Students Should Study Abroad1687 Words   |  7 Pageslifetime, and that is to study abroad. Studying in a foreign country benefits the students in many ways including the opportunity to travel the world, ex perience different education styles, have numerous education and career opportunities, and experience personal development. College students should study abroad for one semester throughout their college experience. â€Å"Studying abroad may be one of the most beneficial experiences for a college student. By studying abroad, students have the opportunityRead MoreThe Benefits of Study Abroad3182 Words   |  13 PagesThe Benefits of Study Abroad New Study Confirms Significant Gains By Mary M. Dwyer, Ph.D. and Courtney K. Peters It will change your life. You’ll come back a new person.† For years, the benefits of study abroad have been described in these words. Everyone in the study abroad field believed it could greatly impact a student’s life, but the exact long-term benefits were unknown—until now. The first large-scale survey to explore the long-term impact of study abroad on a student’s personal, professionalRead MoreThe Importance Of A Foreign Country Has Changed My Life1057 Words   |  5 PagesStudying in a foreign country has been something I have desired to do since high school. My family’s financial situation has kept our adventures centralized to Ohio. I have never been presented with an opportunity to travel outside of the United States. I knew going abroad in college was my best chance to finally experience a new country and a new culture within my financial needs. Yet, I didn’t just want to go to abroad for a few weeks, I wanted to study abroad for an entire semester. I wanted toRead MoreEssay885 Words   |  4 Pagesa great program to be able to do both! In this program, the importance of following the practical guidelines is during this time the program is delegated to be responsible for an authority to develop and commensurate. The Iowa St ate campus Study Abroad Association stuff says in other words that they have time to examine and create a plan for everyone by making critical decisions. According to the Iowa State home page it states â€Å"Ames, Iowa, may seem like its a world away from South Africa. ButRead MoreDisadvantage and Advantage Studying Abroad and Locally1961 Words   |  8 PagesDisadvantages of studying abroad essay Introduction Education is very important in life. Pursuing studies abroad has been the most plausible trend nowadays for the purpose of gaining international exposures and experiential learnings. Such experience contributes in getting the best education so as to acquire the best knowledge and to obtain opportunities for employment. While also developing the individuals adaptability and independence, studying abroad expands the horizon of the students and

Recursive Subspace Identification Algorithm Using The...

Recursive Subspace Identification Algorithm using the Propagator Based Method Irma Wani Jamaludin1 and Norhaliza Abdul Wahab2 1Department of Mechatronics, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Control Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai Johor Bahru, Malaysia Article Info ABSTRACT Subspace model identification (SMI) method is the effective method in identifying dynamic state space linear multivariable systems. Subspace identification, a sequence of state vectors can be obtained directly from the input and output data. From a numerical point of view, the SMI algorithms are not appropriate for online implementation because of the SVD computational complexity. For industrial applications, it is essential to have online recursive algorithms for model identification, where parameters can vary in time. Indeed, in many online identification scenarios, it is important to update the model as time goes on with a reduced computational cost. The main problem with recursive subspace identification is the SVD computation that is burdensome to update. Thus, it is necessary to find the alternative algorithms in order to apply the subspace concept in a recursive framework. In this paper, recursive subspace identification algorithm based on the propagator method which avo id the SVD computation is proposed. Keyword: Subspace identification Observability

Wesfarmers Target - Competitive Advantage by Strategic Change

Question: What is the strategy?Describing the strategy and how it was developed to overcome a specific difficulty within the environment. Answer: 1. Strategy of Wesfarmers Target Wesfarmers discount retailer Target has been experiencing steady decline in the profit. The reason for this steady decline is primarily dues to higher stock clearances and an ongoing decline in the sales growth. Targets profits have fallen 32% in the last two years before Mr. Machin has joined the Target to revitalize the company, but after the joining the company the situation of Target has further decorated as the profits are in continuous decline and has dropped 63% since then (Johnson et al., 2013). In order to improve the business situation of the Target the company has implemented several strategies. In order to re-establish in the market, the company has adopted the strategy of differentiating itself from the other players in the market. One of the major strategies adopted by the company is the changes in the physical and service environment at its stores as well as in the business operations. The various changes implemented by the company are Online business mode - In the present context, technology is major factor that influences every aspect of the life and the use of technology in the business cannot be undermined. In order to improve the business situation Target has implemented online business model in its existing business model to attract technologically savvy customers. With the help of online business model Target aims at improving its sales figure and reposition itself in the retail segment. Online business model of Target has enabled the company to attract more customers and also provided an opportunity to improve visibility of the brand. Other benefits include 24/7 business operation and better service delivery to the customers (Verbeke, 2013). Selling more products at first price rather than at discounted price - Target has been selling its product at discounted rates to the customers. This business strategy has resulted in poor performance for the company in terms of sales revenue. Therefore, to improve profit margins and overall performance of the company, Target has changed its pricing strategy by selling products at first price rather than at a discounted price. This would enable the company to avoid high stock clearances and strengthen the companys revenue generation (Cavusgil et al., 2012). With these strategic changes, Target aims at improving the business situation by improving sales of the company products and repositioning or reestablishing companys presence within the Australian retail segment through differentiation (Cheng et al., 2014). Stocking global trends Target is one of the biggest retailer in the Australian market that provides solutions to the customers apparels, home wares and general merchandise. As a part of strategy change, Target is providing customers more assortment of various products or merchandises that are in line with the global trends and demands of the customers. In addition, Target is planning to hire in-house designers that would design apparels exclusively for the customers of Target by considering the preferences of their customers and also the international trends. This would improve the brand loyalty among the customers and also the profits for the company (Hubbard et al., 2014). Additional store services another strategic change that Wesfarmers Target has implemented is broadening the services spectrum that is provided by the company to its customers and improving the quality of service delivery to the customers. The service speed of service delivery provided to the customer at the store is faster and efficient; it has enabled the customers to have favorable impression of business as whole. In addition, the changed structure of the store, ambience and additional facilities at the store such in-house coffee shops has enhanced the image of the brand in the minds of the customers (Booth Coveney, 2015). 2. Competitive advantage achieved by these strategic change The objective of the strategic change adopted by the company is to enable the company to gain competitive advantage over its rivals. Competitive advantage refers to the ability of the company to attract and retain more customers based on various characteristics or attributes that the company provides to its customers that allows a company to outperform its competitors (Vernon, 2012). The company has adopted differential business strategy to regain its market share by providing better assortment of products and merchandise as per the global trends, better service delivery to the customers and integrated online and bricks and mortar business model. Since, many well-established players offer similar products to the customers, it is important to differentiate the business model of Target from the rivals in order to succeed in the market crow the retail segment. As the company has undergone some strategic change to improve its business situation, it has achieved following competitive advantage Differentiation through unique business model Competitive advantage refers to those qualities that cannot be imitated by competitors and provides the company a sustainable competitive advantage in the market. Through the successful collaboration of online and bricks and mortar business model Target has create a unique opportunity in the market. Most of the companies in the retail sector relies either on the physical business units or online business models to market their products. Thus, by creating a unique business model that has advantages of both physical store as well as online presence, Target has created unique opportunity in the market and has provided customers to select their products as per their convenience (Sharma et al., 2015). The benefits of online and bricks and mortar business models has created a competitive advantage for the Target as the company has presence in physical as well as virtual world that the competitors lacks. The 24/7 availability of the business to meet the demands of the customers providing them home delivery is beneficial for the business and crates competitive advantage in the maket. Differentiation through product differentiation - Target has focused on providing customers with products in line with the global trends. This has enabled the company to differentiate itself from the competitors as Target has better understanding of the demands and latest trends in the international market. The product assortment of Target has more products and merchandises that allow the customers to have more options to choose from. In addition, the company has created its own range of apparels and merchandises with the help of well renowned fashion designers that keep track of the global trends, customer preferences and provides value to the customers (Bhatnagar Syam, 2014). The wide range of products that matches international standards as well as satisfies the demands of the customers in the most economical manner creates a competitive advantage for the company as it attracts more customers and generates customer loyalty. Cost advantage Target has reduced its reliance on the discounts and focused more on providing better quality products at a reasonable price. However, it seems like the strategy of the company to reduce merchandise discounts is bound to fail in the market, but the fact is the company has focused on providing customers high quality products. The customers have also responded to this strategic favorably as they demand better value products at a considerable price rather than buying inferior quality products. Therefore, it can be said that by reducing the discounts the company has improved its business situation and attained cost advantage in the market. Value creation Value creation is one of the competitive advantages that Target has achieved by changing its business strategy. Target has achieved competitive advantage in the form of value creation. Value creation refers to providing customers with better products at a affordable price than their competitors. Target has created value for its customers as they provide high-end merchandises that are at line with the global trends (Kellner et al., 2014). The company utilizes the services of designers that design high quality products and merchandises at an affordable price for their customers. In addition, the company provides better service quality to its customers in the store as well as after the post purchase to retain the customer and increase value preposition for the company. The company provides value to the customers by offering personal styling options, in store clothing attentions, t-shirt printing, wider range of specialty products, better store layout, visual merchandisin g and coffee shops to encourage customers to linger (Swoboda et al., 2014). 3. Effectiveness of the strategy From the above discussion and analysis of the strategy implemented by the company, it is important to understand the effectiveness of the strategy adopted by the Target. In this part, it is required to focus on the usefulness of the adopted strategy of the company Wesfarmers Target. Initially it has been seen that the company must rely on adopting new online business model, as the present day scenario helps any of the organizations to drag the attention of the customers. Unlike traditional models of running a business in the bricks and the mortar world, the innovative techniques are generating more revenue in the online process to evolve and be defined (Slack, 2012). It has been seen that most of the customers in the present day scenario relies hugely on the internet and thus revising the existing business policy is highly essential for the management of the company to drag the attention of both the new and the existing customers (Amit Zott, 2012). It can be stated that the online b usiness model of the company would enable the customers to interact with the employees of Wesfarmers regarding any of their grievances and this would help the company to build a positive relationship with their valuable customers. Apart from that, it can be stated that the online business model of Wesfarmers would enable the customers to select from a wide range of products and this would made the buying experience of the customers more lively (Slack, 2012). Therefore, it can be stated that the suggested incorporation of the online business model would help the corporation to revive their existing policies and this modified business policy would enable the corporation to gain more profits than previous and thus the selection of this strategy is justified enough (Anandarajan, Anandarajan Srinivasan, 2012). Besides that, it has been seen that the company has recommended selling more products at a first price rather than at the discounted price. It has been seen that previously the company was selling their products in a discounted price and this business policy resulted in poor performance of the company. Thus, it can be stated that to enhance and increase the price margin, Wesfarmers must revise their existing market policy by selling the products at the first price rather than the discounted prices. Barnes and Hunt (2013) have stated that the pricing can be challenging as well complex and offers no shortcuts to the company and thus this part is required to look carefully from the viewpoint of the management. The target of the company must not to accumulate products and initially and after that selling the products in a discounted rate. This revised pricing policy makes sure that the corporation must avoid high stock clearances and at the same time strengthen the revenue generation of the corporation (Slack, 2012). This would help the company to company to reestablish their presence in the existing retail market. It can be stated that at the time of poor market presence, the company must revise their pricing strategies, as this is one of the most significant business decisions that assists the company to revive from the struggling market position (Casadesus Masanell Zhu, 2013). Therefore, it can be stated that at the time of setting the prices, the management of the company must make sure that the price and the sales level allow the business of the company to be advantageous. Thus, selection of this pricing strategy is justified enough and thus the company must rely on this. In order to stay competitive in the market, companies are required to stock the global changes in the retailer industry. It has been recommended that the design of the products must have a different brand look and this would attract the attention of the customers. Keeping this global style trend in mind, it can be stated that the management of the company must hire a designer group, who would be engaged in designing exclusive design of the products for the revised target segment (Anandarajan, Anandarajan Srinivasan, 2012). It is expected that the exclusive designing of the products would increase the brand loyalty among the customers and this might help the company to revive their present marketing position in the existing retail industry (DaSilva Trkman, 2014). The overall business of Target had been less than K-Mart over the past few times and thus they must immediately hire a group of the in-house designers and monitoring the designs keeping in mind the global trends, as this wo uld help the company to attract the attention of both the existing and the new customers (Lambert Davidson, 2013). The numbers of the stores of Wesfarmers are less in the market and to gain the attraction of the customers, it is highly necessary to expand the numbers of the stores in the market. If the customers find that the numbers of the stores are less, they must rely on some other companies that are more available to them. Therefore, raising the numbers of the stores in the market is one of the effective means for the company to get the attention of wide range of target customers. Apart from that, it can be stated that the management and the marketing team of the company must have a close watch to the global trends in the retail market and revise the existing policies based on the market trends (McCoy et al., 2012). Global market trends of the retailers give the customers more payment options and at the time of the incorporating the online business model, the company must widen this section to increase the level of customer satisfaction. More facilities must be added to the click and pay fac ility of the mobile phone initiatives and this part would help the company to get more number of the online customers. Apart from that, it can be stated that the retailers must unify their online and offline data collection and these parts in the online business model are required to focus on immediately to revive the existing market position in the retail industry (Osterwalder Pigneur, 2013). Therefore, going through all these strategies of the company, it can be stated that the selection of these strategies are justified enough and it is expected that the company would rejuvenate with the help of these adopted strategies. References Amit, R., Zott, C. (2012). Creating value through business model innovation.MIT Sloan Management Review,53(3), 41. Anandarajan, M., Anandarajan, A., Srinivasan, C. A. (Eds.). (2012).Business intelligence techniques: a perspective from accounting and finance. Springer Science Business Media. Barnes, S., Hunt, B. (Eds.). (2013).E-commerce and v-business. Routledge. Bhatnagar, A., Syam, S. S. (2014). Allocating a hybrid retailer's assortment across retail stores: Bricks-and-mortar vs online.Journal of Business Research,67(6), 1293-1302. Booth, S., Coveney, J. (2015). Big FoodThe Industrial Food System. InFood Democracy(pp. 3-11). Springer Singapore. Casadesus Masanell, R., Zhu, F. (2013). Business model innovation and competitive imitation: The case of sponsor based business models.Strategic management journal,34(4), 464-482. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. (2012).A Framework of International Business. Pearson Higher Ed. Cheng, M. M., Green, W. J., Ko, J. C. W. (2014). The impact of strategic relevance and assurance of sustainability indicators on investors' decisions.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,34(1), 131-162. DaSilva, C. M., Trkman, P. (2014). Business model: what it is and what it is not.Long Range Planning,47(6), 379-389. Hubbard, G., Rice, J., Galvin, P. (2014).Strategic management. Pearson Australia. Johnson, G., Whittington, R., Scholes, K., Angwin, D., Regnr, P. (2013).Exploring strategy text cases. Pearson Higher Ed. Kellner, J., Wagner, G., Toporowski, W. (2014). Differentiation in Online Retailing from a Consumers PerspectiveA Repertory Grid Approach. InEuropean Retail Research(pp. 43-57). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Lambert, S. C., Davidson, R. A. (2013). Applications of the business model in studies of enterprise success, innovation and classification: An analysis of empirical research from 1996 to 2010.European Management Journal,31(6), 668-681. McCoy, D., Pitsillidis, A., Grant, J., Weaver, N., Kreibich, C., Krebs, B., ... Levchenko, K. (2012). Pharmaleaks: Understanding the business of online pharmaceutical affiliate programs. InPresented as part of the 21st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 12)(pp. 1-16). Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y. (2013).Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers. John Wiley Sons. Sharma, D., Chowhan, D., Singh, S., Gupta, D., Srivastava, M. (2015). Consumer perception on online-business: a marketing strategy for new entrepreneur.Sudhinder Singh and Gupta, Dr. Devesh and Srivastava, Mr. Vishal, Consumer Perception on Online-Business: A Marketing Strategy for New Entrepreneur (January 15, 2015). Slack, K. (2012). Mission impossible?: Adopting a CSR-based business model for extractive industries in developing countries.Resources Policy,37(2), 179-184. Swoboda, B., Elsner, S., Morschett, D. (2014). Preferences and performance of international strategies in retail sectors: an empirical study.Long Range Planning,47(6), 319-336. Verbeke, A. (2013).International business strategy. Cambridge University Press. Vernon, P. (2012). Shopping Towns Australia.Fabrications,22(1), 102-121.

Inclusive Education Situational Analysis †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Inclusive Education Situational Analysis. Answer: Introduction Samoa is a country situated in the central SouthPacific Ocean. It is one of the westernmost island countries ofPolynesia. The Samoansmake up around 92.6% of the total Polynesian population.They form the second largest branch of Polynesians. The people generally occupy islands of the Pacific from New Zealand to Hawaii and from Easter island to Fiji (AhChing, 2013). This report aims to illustrate the wellbeing of people belonging to this ethnic group with respect to their education among children belonging to the age group of 7-11 years. Status, cause and impacts Samoa is a lower middle income country. In 2015, it had a GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of nearly $761 million. According to 2012 reports of the UNESCO (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization), approximately 193,000 people receive education in Samoa on a land area that encompasses around 2,820 square kilometers. These lands mainly comprise the two main islands of Savaii and Upolu. 8 small islands also belong to this region. The report further suggests that literacy rate in Samoa is around 99% in adults, which is way higher than 71% average literacy rate in the Pacific. Data from community profiles suggest that during the early 1970s, many Samoans migrated to Australia for educational programs that were sponsored by the latter government. The first schools in Samoa were founded by several missionaries in the 1830s. The New Zealand school system is generally followed by all Samoan schools (Kearney Zuber-Skerritt, 2012). The Department of Education takes the responsibility of providing learning opportunities to all students. Non-governmental organizations are involved in providing early childhood education in Samoan schools. Education is considered crucial for the improved life quality. Hence, the ministries and education departments have employed several strategies to improve the access to learning opportunities and outcomes. Initially the participation rate was low. However, the non-formal and formal institutions are now working towards ensuring inclusive primary education in all sections of the society. When compared to the Pacific community or a majority of world population, all Samoan schools demonstrated effective educational program characteristics. However, if there is an increased emphasis on primary school retention of students and role of informal education, the effectiveness and quality of education will possibly improve in Samoa. Evidence from the recently published Samoan national report highlights formal primary education as an essential issue that can perpetuate rural poverty. The Samoa Hardship and Poverty Report, published in 2013 demonstrated a significant correlation between vulnerability statuses, poverty and education level among Samoan citizens. It was found that men without any tertiary education in urban locality were more likely to become vulnerable to poverty when compared in demographics (Zealand, 2013). Approximately 12% Samoans were shown to be formally employed, and most of them lived off of low-paid employment opportunities and informal wages in formal and informal sectors. This did not require any trainingbeyond secondary education. Solution/Pathways employed To increase enrollment and completion of 8 years at primary schools among children belonging to the intermediate age groups, the government has identified several strategic areas that need focus. It aims to progress teaching quality, improve the coordination between policy development and planning, upgrade resources and facilities, make training opportunities more accessible and strengthen the linkage between the policy formulations at all levels. The education act proposed in 2009, has made primary education compulsory for all children aged between 5-14 years. A primary education certificate examination has been developed (SPECA) to fulfill the framework of assessment policies that target learning objectives (Cahill, 2016). The assessment helped in illustrating the role of communicative and managerial functions of educational assessments. An equity goal between the number of males and females enrolled for primary education was achieved (21,124 boys and 18,514 girls) (Richards Vinin g, 2015). Other approaches that have been taken by the government to enhance primary education is the development of bilingual primary curriculum to ensure that the young Samoan children are able to learn the basics of English and Samoan language from early age (Mayeda et al., 2014). The Samoa School Fees Grant Scheme (SSFGS) was designed in 2010 with the aim of providing technical and financial assistance to primary schools in lieu of fees. This helped in reducing financial burden for the parents and transferred a part of the monetary responsibility to the schools through government funding (McDonald Tufue-Dolgoy, 2013). It helped in contributing more number of children to primary education in the long term. The Compulsory Education Act passed in 1992 made it mandatory for students to remain enrolled in primary schools till they reached 14 years of age (Lameta, 2013). Hence, these initiatives taken by the government were effective in ensuring holistic wellbeing of the children by increasing their participation in primary education. One major issue that affects educational wellbeing of the students is the high dropout rates and low attendance among Samoan children. The National Youth Council report suggests an alarming dropout rate of 78.93% in primary and secondary levels. Moreover, some parents do not monitor their childs progress. This often leads to poor outcomes and drop in attendance (Tuia Iyer, 2015). Recommendations Though the recently passed Education Act carries the power of detaining and questioning any children belonging to compulsory age group who do not attend school, it is not properly utilized. A strict legislation needs to be enforced that can detain parents to ascertain the reason for not allowing their children the access to compulsory education. This will also give the parents a responsibility to ensure that their children are fulfilling the requirements for compulsory attendance and are taking part in all school activities (Rieser, 2012). Face-to-face interviews of the parents with the school communities will help them realize the importance of primary education for the all round development of their child. Moreover, orphaned or children who live with chronically ill parents are found to be at a greater risk of dropping out of school due to financial constraints. Teachers and school authorities must reach out to those families to demonstrate the use of governmental funding in reduci ng the burden of school fees (Forlin et al., 2015). That will help the parents make informed decisions regarding the health and wellbeing of their children. References AhChing, P. L. (2013).Polynesian Interconnections: Samoa to Tahiti to Hawaii. Lulu Press, Inc. Cahill, F. (2016). Crossing the road from home to secondary school: A conversation with Samoan parents.Waikato Journal of Education,12(1). Forlin, C., Sharma, U., Loreman, T., Sprunt, B. (2015). Developing disability-inclusive indicators in the Pacific Islands.Prospects,45(2), 197-211. Kearney, J., Zuber-Skerritt, O. (2012). From learning organization to learning community: Sustainability through lifelong learning.The Learning Organization,19(5), 400-413. Lameta, E. (2013). Samoan inclusive education situational analysis: Students with disabilities.Samoa: Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture. Mayeda, D. T., Keil, M., Dutton, H. D., Ofamo'Oni, I. F. H. (2014). You've Gotta Set a Precedent: M?ori and Pacific voices on student success in higher education.AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples,10(2), 165-179. McDonald, L., Tufue-Dolgoy, R. (2013). Moving forwards, sideways or backwards? Inclusive education in Samoa.International Journal of Disability, Development and Education,60(3), 270-284. Richards, J., Vining, A. R. (2015). Universal primary education in low-income countries: The contributing role of national governance.International Journal of Educational Development,40, 174-182. Rieser, R. (2012).Implementing inclusive education: a Commonwealth guide to implementing Article 24 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Commonwealth Secretariat. Tuia, T. T., Iyer, R. (2015). Samoas education policy: Negotiating a hybrid space for values.International Education Journal: Comparative Perspectives,14(2), 125-133. Zealand, S. N. (2013). Census QuickStats about culture and identity.Wellington: Statistics New Zealand.